«Concezione pubblica della giustizia» e regolazione penale dell’impresa
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ABSTRACT: Italian criminal law of corporations has undergone in 2002 a large reform which poses serious
problems as to its compatibility with principles of justice and economic democracy. Despite the
“liberal” attitudes overtly voiced at the time of its inception, it contradicts one of the main features
of a developed, not merely traditional, sort of liberalism, namely the awareness of the strict need to
survey and check power (especially economic, fi nancial and industrial power) in its tendency to be
opaquely concentrated in few hands. First and foremost in any consideration of public justice should
be the equality in the distribution of relevant knowledges. As criminologists well know, white collar
crime thrives in the dark but darkness in turn makes legal business and institutions blind to illegality
and criminality. Contemporary criminal law scholars can no more afford to neglect how the wider cultural,
institutional and economic environments, which encompass the scope of their professional decisions,
is apt to defi ne also the “justice” thereof, especially when criminal law impinges on economic
relations and therefore on the conditions (not rarely themselves worth a criminal law’s protection) of
an adequate knowledge distribution among stakeholders and common citizens.
KEY WORDS: theory of justice, criminal law, economic regulation, corporate crimes, white collars SOMMARIO: 0. In ricordo di Armando Bartulli – 1. Il liberalismo come «arte della separazione» – 2. Diritto penale dell’economia e «giustizia di sfondo». Il diritto penale «degno di fi ducia» – 3. La distribuzione «giusta» delle informazioni tra gli attori sociali – 4. Disciplina penale-societaria e condizioni di una democrazia economica. |
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